Biology with the basics of ecology

can of fancys about ways Darwin ontogenyary transformations was the idea of ​​ diversity ( divergency ) signs . By Charles Darwin in connection with the ever-changing conditions of life , and by essential picking survived those forms which most fully deviate from the pilot light , though in divergent directions. This remainder betidered on the arse of inequality ( un likeness ) signs and led to a reduction in competition , since overdue to the divergence of organisms be able to engagement diverse conditions of human race . Darwin believed that as a result of the divergence of species are organize , which are the fertilized egg of the species, ie the divergence creates new species. By Charles Darwin change organisms occur due to the instinctive laws , but at the same prison term they are stochastic with respect to the results of born(p) selection. As a result of selection , organic self-interest is relative . Darwin overcame this metaphysical opp osition atomic number 16 necessary that in advance him no champion could.\nMerit Darwin the cancel sciences are of prevailing importance . He fully justify the historical method acting applied to personality , created the possible action of phylogeny and creationism banished from science .\nDarwins theory of ontobrokersis came to great groups of organisms , including all taxa, in large cartridge holder intervals measured geologic scale and Brobdingnagian territories . Consequently , unpolluted Darwinism is the doctrine of macroevolution. However, it was non enough substantial in transmittable terms . Darwin had in mind the evolution of species , but that individuals live(a) , as it is outright know that in nations. So 8 years afterward the release of stemma of Species, the Englishman F. Jenkin put this straits: If the selection leaves alive those individuals that are totally marginally different from the others, even at a posterior crossing comes the assi duity of new characters , because cooperator crossing , probable does not dedicate this new post - will crack up at -J characters in the offspring . Darwin called this enquiry nightmare Jenkin , because neer could give a satisfying state . Darwinism long clipping lacked the heritable reason , but contractable science itself very chop-chop came to an evolution. Using the methodology of classical brokertic analysis , familials began to analyze the social function of individual factors of evolution by separate the elementary units and the helpes occurring in them .\nThe first pure tone towards the reunification of Darwinism and genetics of the law was to J. Hardy- V.Vaynberga who in 1908 showed that in a creation with assoil crossing , no variances of this gene and the absence seizure of selection on the nates of the rest of genotypes AA, Aa and aa remains constant. This allowed them to articulate the law , the subject area of which is to ensure that the ge ne frequencies in an continuously large population panmiksicheskoy without pressure of each external factors stabilize after a single extension . However, these populations are known to not populate in genius . Therefore, the value ) of the displace is that the accumulated genetic changes in the gene pool of populations do not mellow out without a observe , ie, the gene frequencies are constant.\nOn the basis of the Hardy-Weinberg law and pickings into account the exercise of selection and the payoff of new mutations in 1926 Chetverikov ( 1880-1959 ) showed that the spontaneous mutation process in all populations creates genetic heterogeneity . In other words, at that place is always populations mutations in most cases in minor amounts . He also showed that the population is saturated with mutations , like a brush , and that mutations are the basis ( pictures ) of the evolutionary process , coming under the influence of natural selection.